kill me heal me

中国支付清算协会印发《智能体支付应用自律公约》_我的网站

一 |     Exactly 75 years ago Jawaharlal Nehru, one of the principal leaders of India’s independence movement in the 1930s and 1940s, was sworn in as prime minister of the Dominion of India and raised the national flag at the Red Fort in Delhi. Having brought an end to the colonial rule of the British Empire, the Indian leadership embraced the concept of "non-alignment" and "neutrality" and diversified its ties, seeking new partnerships. At the time, the Soviet Union emerged as a natural ally for the independent Indian state.,Nehru was attracted to Marxism and promoted the idea of evolutionary and inclusive socialism. Back in 1927, the would-be Indian prime minister visited the USSR for the first time together with his wife Kamala, younger sister Krishna, and his father Motilal Nehru, a leader of the Indian National Congress.,The trip was connected with the 10th Anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, which was seen by Nehru and other Indian nationalists in "a very positive light," according to Dr. Anuradha Chenoy, professor of the Center for Russian and Central Asian Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University.,The Soviet press extensively covered the Nehrus' visit to Moscow, hailing Motilal and Jawaharlal as prominent leaders of India’s freedom movement. Jawaharlal Nehru was received in the Kremlin by Mikhail Kalinin, chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Having wrapped up his journey, the Indian politician wrote a booklet titled "Soviet Russia, some random sketches and impressions" (1928).,"Jawaharlal Nehru was influenced by Marxist and socialist thought to some extent, as he saw the need for state intervention for alleviating poverty, developing infrastructure and for development," says Dr. Chenoy. "He thus advocated and made policies to develop state- or public sector industries and also created a Planning Commission. Independent India's Second Plan was especially modeled around the Soviet planning system.",CC BY 2.0 / Public.Resource.Org / Photo 656          Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru at the mike. 20.7.47                    Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru at the mike. 20.7.47          CC BY 2.0 / Public.Resource.Org / Photo 656,USSR Helped India Lay the Groundwork for Industrialization,On January 26, 1950, India became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations with Jawaharlal Nehru serving as the Republic of India's prime minister until May 27, 1964. During this period, the USSR and India started to deepen their ties, according to Dr. Chenoy.,"Soviet support was crucial for an underdeveloped and newly liberated country like India," the academic explains. "Since India wanted to develop as a 'mixed economy,' that is to have both a state and private sector, Western countries refused them any aid and assistance that India needed. So India turned to the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union assisted India in the creation of new steel plants and several infrastructure industries. They assisted in developing Indian science and technology institutions which laid the base for Indian development in later years.",Dr. Chenoy elaborates that in the 1950s, the USSR helped India lay the groundwork for the country's early industrialization, with the Asian giant then starting to receive Russian defense equipment and military hardware.,CC0 / / Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1917-1984) at the National Press Club, Washington, D.C. 1n 1966 Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1917-1984) at the National Press Club, Washington, D.C. 1n 1966CC0 / /,Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation,The Indian war with Pakistan in 1971 became a pivotal moment for Indo-Soviet relations, according to the Indian academic. The conflict erupted over the Bangladesh liberation movement in East Pakistan, which was accompanied by killings of the Bengalis – both Muslims and Hindus – by West Pakistani forces led by General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan in March 1971.,As a result of the violence and instability caused by the onslaught in East Pakistan, an estimated 10 million Bengalis fled to India by May 1971, prompting Delhi to intervene. Judging from documents released in December 2002 by the National Security Archive (NSA), a US non-profit archival institution, US President Richard Nixon and National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger did nothing to curtail the West Pakistani repressions against Bengalis and backed General Yahya.,After India stepped in to shield the Bengalis, "not only did the United States publicly pronounce India as the aggressor in the war, but the US sent the nuclear aircraft carrier, USS Enterprise, to the Bay of Bengal, and authorized the transfer of US military supplies to Pakistan, despite the apparent illegality of doing so," according to the non-profit.,Moscow's help came in handy at the time: in August 1971, India and the USSR concluded the Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation that specified mutual strategic cooperation between the countries. The treaty sent a powerful signal to the US and its allies. Eventually, the conflict ended on December 16, 1971 with the military forces of West Pakistan that were in Bangladesh surrendering.,"The Indian war with Pakistan on the issue of the liberation of Bangladesh in 1971 was a very special moment of Soviet support since the US wanted to help its ally Pakistan," says Dr. Chenoy. "After this, the Treaty of Friendship signed between India and the USSR was very holistic and provided India with much technological and defense support. Since then the friendship has increased.",© Photo : Indian PM OfficeModi Putin MeetModi Putin Meet© Photo : Indian PM Office,India's Strategic Autonomy,The historic Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation was renewed for another 20 years on August 8, 1991. After the collapse of the USSR, Moscow and New Delhi replaced the accords with the 20-year Treaty of Indo-Russian Friendship and Cooperation in January 1993.,Although the dissolution of the USSR resulted in a temporary chill in Russo-Indian economic and trade relations, they were soon reshuffled and are continuing to develop regardless of sanctions imposed by the West, according to Dr. Chenoy.,Since the declaration of independence back in 1947, India has managed to achieve significant strategic autonomy. The country has been maintaining ties with various global powers in accordance with its own strategic plans.,Thus, in June 2022, Indian Foreign Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar made it clear at the GlobeSec 2022 Bratislava Forum that India would not copycat the West's anti-Russia policies in the wake of Moscow's special operation to demilitarize and de-Nazify Ukraine. He stressed that “the world cannot be that Euro-centric as it used to be in the past,” adding that India, which is one-fifth of the world’s population and the fifth-largest economy will be guided by its national interests in the first place.。

二 |     2026年8月24日，中国支付清算协会（以下简称协会）印发了《智能体支付应用自律公约》（以下简称《公约》） ，自发布之日起实施。协会有关负责人就上述《公约》相关问题回答了记者的提问。问：《公约》出台的背景是什么？答：当前，人工智能技术加速迭代演进，正在深刻改变人类生产生活方式、重塑全球产业格局。

三 | 党中央、国务院高度重视人工智能发展应用。为贯彻落实习近平总书记关于人工智能治理体系的重要讲话精神和《国务院关于深入实施“人工智能+”行动的意见》等文件要求，有序推进人工智能与支付清算行业融合发展，引导智能体支付应用安全、合规、可持续发展，在中国人民银行指导下，协会联合会员单位研究制定《智能体支付应用自律公约》。问：《公约》的适用范围？答：《公约》适用于开展智能体支付应用的协会会员单位，包括在智能体支付应用中提供账户管理、交易处理、收单、转接清算等服务的机构。问：《公约》对促进行业健康发展有哪些积极意义？答：前期，部分会员单位向协会表示，目前已开展智能体支付探索实践，但缺乏行业统一、可参考的标准规则，希望协会能够出台有关自律指引文件。为及时响应会员单位诉求，协会在中国人民银行指导下研究出台《公约》，一是落实国家政策部署及有关监管要求，务实推动人工智能技术在支付清算领域的稳妥落地。

四 | 二是通过柔性自律治理手段凝聚行业共识，在强化风险意识、确保安全可控的同时，助力行业守正创新发展。三是明确开展智能体支付应用须遵守的原则及要求，引导会员单位坚守合规底线、强化风险防范、提升行业整体安全水平。问：《公约》在强化行业自律、保护用户合法权益等方面作了哪些安排？答：《公约》将强化安全管理、防范化解风险、保护用户合法权益摆在突出位置，更好统筹发展和安全。

五 | 在智能体管理方面，要求会员单位基于“了解你的客户（KYC）”进一步探索建立“了解你的智能体（KYA）”机制。同时加强与外部智能体开发者、服务提供者的合作风险管控。在授权管理方面，要求会员单位明确智能体支付应用的授权边界，与用户签订责任清晰的授权协议。采取有效手段对用户身份、交易意愿进行严格核验。在防范风险方面，要求会员单位建立分级分类管理机制，通过交易限额等方式加强资金安全管理。在算法及模型安全、网络安全、数据安全、科技伦理等方面强化技术安全管理。加强业务管控，落实“三反”及反诈拒赌要求，稳妥开展智能体支付应用。在消费者权益保护方面，要求会员单位积极开展消费者教育，通过建立投诉受理机制切实维护消费者合法权益。为消费者提供便捷的智能体支付应用关闭、信息查询的通道，保障其自主选择权。问：会员单位开展智能体支付应用需遵循哪些原则？答：一是坚持依法合规。会员单位开展智能体支付应用应严格遵循国家及金融行业的有关法律法规、技术规范，自觉遵守各项自律规范。

六 | 严格落实网络安全、数据安全、个人隐私保护等规定，将依法合规理念贯穿智能体支付应用全流程。二是强化责任落实。智能体支付应用涉及账户管理、交易处理、资金清结算等支付业务核心环节的，相关业务应由银行业金融机构、非银行支付机构、清算机构等持牌机构开展。会员单位应按照“谁提供支付服务谁负责”的原则，对用户的账户与交易安全、资金安全、信息安全等承担主体责任。

七 | 三是坚持支付为民。会员单位应以服务实体经济和便利人民生活为根本导向，聚焦用户真实需求，提升支付服务的可得性、便利性和普惠性，不得进行歧视性差别对待。四是坚持科技向善。会员单位应确保相关技术应用始终服从于用户权益保护、金融安全稳定和增进社会福祉，防范技术滥用、算法歧视、过度诱导消费。

八 | 应兼顾不同群体数字技术能力差异，保留必要的人工服务和替代性支付渠道，防范因技术应用加剧数字鸿沟。五是坚持有序竞争。会员单位应坚持开放合作，共同维护公平、开放、健康的智能体支付应用生态，不得通过排他合作、强制捆绑、低价补贴等方式限制用户选择，不得扰乱市场经营秩序，切实保护用户合法权益。问：会员单位应如何稳妥开展智能体支付应用？答：结合智能体技术发展、用户授权深度的演进趋势来看，智能体支付发展存在智能体辅助支付、预设条件下智能体自主支付、泛条件智能体自主支付三个阶段。会员单位应坚持以应用为导向、以场景为牵引，审慎探索开展智能体自主发起支付交易等智能体支付应用。

九 | 在智能体自主发起支付交易的应用（预设条件下智能体自主支付、泛条件智能体自主支付）落地实施（正式对外开展业务、向公众提供服务）前，应向中国支付清算协会报备，会员单位切实承担保障用户资金安全等主体责任，并通过相关业务评估和安全测试，充分开展业务有效性、技术安全性、伦理符合性等方面评估验证，配套人工服务、风险监控、舆情监测、应急处置、回退机制等保障措施，防范智能体支付应用风险。

十 | 问：协会将开展哪些自律和保障工作？答：协会将在中国人民银行指导下，组织对会员单位《公约》执行情况开展监督。

十一 | 会员单位如有违反《公约》的，任何单位和个人可向协会反映情况，并提供有效证明材料，协会将依规及时查证和处理。

Current article:http://cr0w37.feizengbubaipeirangnalouchuo.sbs/list_305y9/6bm.html

Published on:00:35:25